What causes functional or simple cysts?

Functional or simple cysts are primarily caused by hormonal influences, particularly related to the menstrual cycle. These cysts typically develop during the ovulatory phase when a follicle does not rupture appropriately and instead continues to grow. The fluctuations of hormones, such as estrogen and progesterone, play a critical role in the formation and resolution of these cysts.

These cysts can arise from either follicular cysts or corpus luteum cysts, both of which are influenced heavily by hormonal changes within the menstrual cycle. The majority of functional cysts are benign and often resolve on their own without medical intervention, which further underscores their connection to hormone activity rather than being linked to genetic factors, infection, or structural anomalies.

In summary, the correct answer highlights the direct impact of hormonal influence on the development of functional or simple cysts, making it a fundamental concept in understanding ovarian cyst pathology.