What condition does the 17-hydroxyprogesterone test primarily screen for?

The 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP) test is primarily used to screen for congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), which is a genetic disorder affecting adrenal hormone production. In individuals with CAH, there is a deficiency in the enzyme that converts 17-OHP to cortisol, leading to an accumulation of 17-OHP.

The test is particularly important in newborn screening, as untreated CAH can result in serious health issues, including adrenal crisis and abnormal growth and development. By measuring the levels of 17-OHP in the blood, healthcare providers can quickly identify individuals who may require further testing and management for CAH.

The other conditions mentioned—ovarian cancer, chronic kidney disease, and polycystic ovary syndrome—are not screened for using the 17-hydroxyprogesterone test. Ovarian cancer does not have a specific screening test that utilizes 17-OHP. Chronic kidney disease is primarily monitored through blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine levels, and urine analysis rather than hormone levels. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is typically diagnosed based on clinical symptoms and criteria such as irregular menstrual cycles, hirsutism, and ultrasound findings, rather