Which of the following conditions is associated with elevated risk during pregnancy?

Cholecystitis is indeed associated with elevated risk during pregnancy due to several physiological changes that occur in a woman's body. During pregnancy, hormonal shifts, particularly the increase in progesterone, can lead to slowed gastrointestinal motility. This delayed emptying can increase the likelihood of bile accumulation and the formation of gallstones, which are common precursors to cholecystitis.

Additionally, the growing uterus can exert pressure on the gallbladder and bile ducts, further predisposing pregnant individuals to gallbladder-related complications. Consequently, if cholecystitis occurs, it can lead to serious complications such as pancreatitis, infections, or the need for surgical intervention, which poses additional risks to both the mother and the developing fetus.

Other conditions, while they may present challenges during pregnancy, do not carry the same heightened risk profile as cholecystitis. For example, appendicitis can occur during pregnancy but its incidence is relatively low compared to cholecystitis. Dyspnea may arise due to normal physiological changes or underlying conditions, but it is not typically classified as a condition that induces significant risk directly. Peritonitis, while serious, is usually a secondary complication rather than a primary concern in the context of pregnancy-related